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A major factor to cause spring failure and preventive measures
Published：2014.11.21 News Sources：kaichuang spring machinery Views：
Spring as the elastic element of modern industrial development in an indispensable, in the work process can effectively play the buffer balance, energy storage, automatic control, positioning and safety insurance role. In the process of application is often due to a variety of factors cause spring failure, resulting in mechanical failure is not necessary. So it is necessary to research and discuss in the practical application about the causes of failure of spring, to find effective prevention methods from these reasons and take reasonable precautions.
Then, the main factors leading to failure of spring what? The main factors leading to spring failure: material defects, processing and manufacturing defect, improper heat treatment, surface treatment is improper and the working conditions in five aspects. According to the main factors causing the failure of the spring, from the aspects of finding effective methods of prevention, so as to take practical and feasible measures of prevention.
1.The spring to cause the failure of the material. Due to the different methods of steel smelting process, resulting in the inclusions of different degree of steel components, such as the inclusion of excess, size is too large or uniformity is not good and so may influence the mechanical properties of the material, extremely easy to cause the early fatigue failure. Preventive measures: spring materials used must have good metallurgical process, and the requirements of the material itself has the material composition that stable and uniform structure, such as chemical composition, strictly control the material of high purity and the content of the inclusion etc..
2.Cause spring failure in manufacturing process. Cold coiled helical springs in the winding process because of the process equipment defective or improperly adjusted, defects in the surface of the spring, such as spring machine in the off spring, cutting knife possible inner surface damage adjacent coil plug wire; coil spring in the heating process due to temperature control is undeserved can greatly reduce the fatigue life and the fatigue limit of the spring material. Preventive measures: in the spring forming process, carefully check and adjust the process equipment (such as CNC spring machine), good control of the corresponding external conditions, to strengthen quality inspection of spring surface, avoid the surface defect.
3.Spring caused by defects in heat treatment process of the failure of the spring. The spring surface and center during the heating and cooling temperature, due to uneven distribution caused by thermal stress, accordingly can produce tissue stress, cracking causes and for the strength limit its worth more than the spring material. As the larger size of the spring in the water quenching, the crack due to beyond repair and scrap. Preventive measures: strict control of the heating temperature and holding time, but also control the good atmosphere in furnace, for example the regular analysis of heating gas component, heat supply to ensure the normal; in order to reduce the deformation, in addition to the big size of the hot forming springs, the general thermal spring by cooling in oil way.
4.The spring surface treatment of spring caused by improper process failure. Surface shot peening treatment process, shot peening equipment, process and operation level of shot peening will produce very big effect, may be produced by a spring to early failure of incentives in electroplating process; if spring surface and coating can not be timely and adequately clear is rich in hydrogen, can lead to a spring in the use of delayed fracture due to hydrogen and failure. Preventive measures: according to different materials and different process, to select suitable shot peening technology. In addition, hydrogen rich in spring surface coating and plating in, to clear the timely and sufficient.
5.Influence of working conditions on the spring failure. The load status of impact spring failure reflected in the spring when working load may not function in the geometric center line, so as to produce the additional stress caused by the additional, spring safety stress significantly reduced, resulting in premature failure of spring; in addition the corrosion environment, the working temperature and spring surface caused by abrasion and collision knock marks and pits will cause spring failure. Preventive measures: spring caused by the working condition of the failure is reflected in three aspects of load conditions, environmental factors and surface damage, can be used to enhance the spring fatigue limit by mechanical properties, prolong the service life of spring to overcome the spring load condition leads to failure; to take anti corrosive material or form a layer surface treatment method protection in the spring surface to solve the spring working conditions lead to failure; by eliminating the vibration and improve the structure design, reduce and avoid the friction and collision between each other, improve the ability to resist the fretting wear, so as to reduce the surface damage to.
The cause of the failure of the spring may be caused by a factor, but also integrated the effects induced by several factors. Therefore, it must be in the clear spring failure analysis of the spring failure mode, and then find out the cause of failure of spring, and take the corresponding feasible preventive measures, which can lengthen the service life of the spring, to improve the quality of the purpose of spring. The article content sources to Kaichuang spring machine: http://www.kcmcnc.com/en/.
Then, the main factors leading to failure of spring what? The main factors leading to spring failure: material defects, processing and manufacturing defect, improper heat treatment, surface treatment is improper and the working conditions in five aspects. According to the main factors causing the failure of the spring, from the aspects of finding effective methods of prevention, so as to take practical and feasible measures of prevention.
1.The spring to cause the failure of the material. Due to the different methods of steel smelting process, resulting in the inclusions of different degree of steel components, such as the inclusion of excess, size is too large or uniformity is not good and so may influence the mechanical properties of the material, extremely easy to cause the early fatigue failure. Preventive measures: spring materials used must have good metallurgical process, and the requirements of the material itself has the material composition that stable and uniform structure, such as chemical composition, strictly control the material of high purity and the content of the inclusion etc..
2.Cause spring failure in manufacturing process. Cold coiled helical springs in the winding process because of the process equipment defective or improperly adjusted, defects in the surface of the spring, such as spring machine in the off spring, cutting knife possible inner surface damage adjacent coil plug wire; coil spring in the heating process due to temperature control is undeserved can greatly reduce the fatigue life and the fatigue limit of the spring material. Preventive measures: in the spring forming process, carefully check and adjust the process equipment (such as CNC spring machine), good control of the corresponding external conditions, to strengthen quality inspection of spring surface, avoid the surface defect.
3.Spring caused by defects in heat treatment process of the failure of the spring. The spring surface and center during the heating and cooling temperature, due to uneven distribution caused by thermal stress, accordingly can produce tissue stress, cracking causes and for the strength limit its worth more than the spring material. As the larger size of the spring in the water quenching, the crack due to beyond repair and scrap. Preventive measures: strict control of the heating temperature and holding time, but also control the good atmosphere in furnace, for example the regular analysis of heating gas component, heat supply to ensure the normal; in order to reduce the deformation, in addition to the big size of the hot forming springs, the general thermal spring by cooling in oil way.
4.The spring surface treatment of spring caused by improper process failure. Surface shot peening treatment process, shot peening equipment, process and operation level of shot peening will produce very big effect, may be produced by a spring to early failure of incentives in electroplating process; if spring surface and coating can not be timely and adequately clear is rich in hydrogen, can lead to a spring in the use of delayed fracture due to hydrogen and failure. Preventive measures: according to different materials and different process, to select suitable shot peening technology. In addition, hydrogen rich in spring surface coating and plating in, to clear the timely and sufficient.
5.Influence of working conditions on the spring failure. The load status of impact spring failure reflected in the spring when working load may not function in the geometric center line, so as to produce the additional stress caused by the additional, spring safety stress significantly reduced, resulting in premature failure of spring; in addition the corrosion environment, the working temperature and spring surface caused by abrasion and collision knock marks and pits will cause spring failure. Preventive measures: spring caused by the working condition of the failure is reflected in three aspects of load conditions, environmental factors and surface damage, can be used to enhance the spring fatigue limit by mechanical properties, prolong the service life of spring to overcome the spring load condition leads to failure; to take anti corrosive material or form a layer surface treatment method protection in the spring surface to solve the spring working conditions lead to failure; by eliminating the vibration and improve the structure design, reduce and avoid the friction and collision between each other, improve the ability to resist the fretting wear, so as to reduce the surface damage to.
The cause of the failure of the spring may be caused by a factor, but also integrated the effects induced by several factors. Therefore, it must be in the clear spring failure analysis of the spring failure mode, and then find out the cause of failure of spring, and take the corresponding feasible preventive measures, which can lengthen the service life of the spring, to improve the quality of the purpose of spring. The article content sources to Kaichuang spring machine: http://www.kcmcnc.com/en/.